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This list does not attempt to be exhaustive. It provides links to sources we have found particularly useful, and to other more comprehensive lists of sources on the subject.
Elsewhere off this site: Electronic Commerce compendium
Cryptography applied in various ways and circumstances is essential for security and trust:
In sum, read, cryptography impacts upon every aspect of considered e-commerce and private e-business relations.
#agreements Agreements
#groups Interest Groups
#aes AES Algorithm (Advanced Encryption Standard)
#reference Reference
#software Security Software
A Short History of Cryptography by Fred Cohen from Introductory Information Protection "a book about keeping people and organizations from harm caused by information. It requires little or mathematics and is suitable as a text for a graduate level or advanced undergraduate course." Fred Cohen & Associates
Why Cryptography Is Harder Than It Looks by Bruce Schneier CTO and Founder Counterpane Internet Security, Inc.
AES Algorithm Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Development Effort, Computer Security Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST is an agency of the U.S. Commerce Department's Technology Administration see Encryption toolkit Advanced Encryption Standard of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
"SPECIAL NOTE - Intellectual Property NIST reminds all interested parties that the adoption of AES is being conducted as an open standards-setting activity. Specifically, NIST has requested that all interested parties identify to NIST any patents or inventions that may be required for the use of AES. NIST hereby gives public notice that it may seek redress under the antitrust laws of the United States against any party in the future who might seek to exercise patent rights against any user of AES that have not been disclosed to NIST in response to this request for information."
"Our goals are to strengthen the U.S. economy and improve the quality of life by providing the information technology industry and users with needed measurements and standards and to provide NIST with high quality information technology services."
AES entry on Wikipedia
Rijndael by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen of Belgium.
The Rijndael algorithm is based on a block cipher algorithm (The Block Cipher Square Algorithm) described in an article in the October, 1997 issue of DDJ
6{ 5 Finalists, August 1999
Strong Encryption Package Federal Information Processing
Announcing the Standard for Data Encryption Standard (DES) FIPS PUB 46-2, Supersedes FIPS PUB 46-1, 1988 January 22 Federal Information Processing Standards Publication 46-2 1993 December 30.
The Crypto Link Farm - Encryption and Security-related Resources A few of (the many) mirrors auto-updated:
Security and Encryption-related Resources and Links by Peter Gutmann
Security pointers by Tom Dunigan
Security and Cryptography by Mark McCutcheon
Crypto - Cryptography resource on the Web by Matt Blaze
Crypto Page Paulo Barreto
EFF "Privacy - Crypto - Export Restrictions, ITAR and EAR" Archive Electronic Frontier Foundation
Cryptography Francis Litterio
Security & Cryptography standards by Michael Waidner
Security and Encryption * Quick Links
Encryption, Security & Privacy News All E-Commerce
Cryptography: The Study of Encryption Cryptography Francis Litterio
GPG - The GNU Privacy Guard (Open PGP)
Snake Oil Warning Signs: Encryption Software to Avoid an FAQ by Matt Curtin
Mitre CVE - Security Dictionary of Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
Open Secure Shell - openSSH
Linux FreeS/WAN Secure point to point connection anywhere on the Internet, Strong Encryption. Developed outside the United States and not subject to US export restrictions.
Linux PPTP Server the PPTP Linux Server works with WinNT PPTP clients and C. S. Ananian's PPTP Linux clients. Virtual Private Networking technology enables the use the public Internet backbone for private data communications, encryption and encapsulation technology, permitting the carving out of a private channel/passageway through the Internet.
Bizee free download of V-ONE technology that permits secure connection with other users of the same technology. It performs authentication and uses 168-bit Triple DES encryption to secure e-commerce, as well as to encrypt data being transmitted as part of auctions, chat rooms, e-mail and classified advertisements. Adequate security has been a big obstacle to business-to-business commerce to date... July 1999
Gnut Linux/Unix console gnutella clone
Freenet (The Free Network Project Homepage) "Re-Wiring the Internet". Hosted by Source Forge "Freenet is a peer-to-peer network designed to allow the distribution of information over the Internet in an efficient manner, without fear of censorship. Freenet is completely decentralized, meaning that there is no person, computer, or organisation in control of Freenet or essential to its operation. This means that Freenet cannot be attacked like centralized peer-to-peer systems such as Napster. Freenet also employs intelligent routing and caching meaning that it learns to route requests more efficiently, automatically mirrors popular data, makes network flooding almost impossible, and moves data to where it is in greatest demand. All of this makes it much more efficient and scalable than systems such as Gnutella."
Mojo Nation claimed to be "a revolutionary new publishing and content-sharing network. [That]combines the flexibility of the marketplace and the distributed computing power of the Internet to go far beyond current filesharing systems... Mojo Nation is building an efficient, massively scalable and secure marketplace for distributors and consumers of digital content."
Wheres dot com Internet file sharing programs
#linux Linux Solutions
#commercial Commercial
Speak Free Secure fully encrypted Chat Program
HushMail web based secure e-mail
Freedom "Untraceable" privacy system from ZeroKnowledge
1on1 Secure Mail The free-to-use service that requires the use of a sizable e-mail Windows PC client, which may be downloaded from the site or obtained on CD.
Mutt a pgp-aware mailer
SUIDNet "secure IRC network"
GPG - GNU Privacy Guard Download GPG which uses only free algorithms, and conforming to the OpenPGP standard
PGP Sites #fix
See also Linux Encryption
GPG - GNU Privacy Guard Download GPG which uses only free algorithms, and conforming to the OpenPGP standard
Project Aegypten (Free Software Sphinx-Clients) for Linux "The Sphinx project launched by German authorities aims to improve secure email exchange... Proprietary products are already on the way, but with the project ?gypten there is now also a Free Software solution going to be realized for popular mail user agents (sphinx-enabling KMail and mutt are essential goals)."
Encrypting your Disks with Linux Doobee. R. Tzeck
PPDD requires recompiling (patching) the Linux kernel to allow strong encryption and a special device. Good documentation.
TCFS involves the running of a daemon which exports an encrypted filesystem as an NFS share.
Crypto Kernel Patch a patch for any given Linux kernel to make the loopback device use encryption algorithms.
Outguess Steganography
National Security Agency U.S.A.
National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST is an agency of the U.S. Commerce Department's Technology Administration
National Infrastructure Protection U.S. Department of Homeland Security
The Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office (CIAO) moved to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Internet Security Alliance a non-profit collaboration between EIA and Carnegie Mellon's CERT Coordination Center (CERT/CC), with a diverse and international membership
ETSI Telecom Standards
CERT a center of Internet security expertise
RSA Security "the most trusted name in e-security"
RSA Security Incorporated owned key encryption patents (US) which expired September 26th 2000.
Speak Free Secure fully encrypted Chat Program
Crypto-Central SHA algorithm MD5 etc. Delphi: Advanced encryption Components
Biometrics A Journal of the International Biometric Society
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"Treaties": international trade instruments
Private International Commercial Law
International Commercial Arbitration & other dispute settlement
International Tax & Financial Regulation
Carriage Transport & Maritime Law
Electronic Commerce and Encryption
International Criminal Law including Anti-Corruption and Cross Border Crime
International Life Sciences & Bio-Sciences