Abstract
International commercial exploitation of wild fauna and flora had created a serious threat to the existence of many endemic species in the world. Illegal wildlife trade, which threatens the existence of vulnerable wild species, is the fourth biggest illegal trade in the world. The global collaboration to combat illegal international trade in threatened species, resulted in the United Nations Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora 1973 (CITES) coming into force and Sri Lanka joined the convention in 1979. CITES can be recognised as an evolving convention that finds its way to overcome the weaknesses and adapt according to the contemporary needs of the society. With the celebration of 50 years of CITES, it is a timely requirement to look back at the implementation and enforcement of CITES by member states, especial in Global South. Hence, assessing the international principles, approaches and standards employed CITES for regulating illegal wildlife trade and whether Global South is complying with these international obligations is the primary aim of the study. Since this is closely linked with the environmental, social, political, economic, health and cultural aspects of Global South, it is conducted as a socio-legal research. This multidisciplinary methodology is utilised to understand the law and the legal phenomenon on illegal wildlife trade and their correlation with the society in a broader point of view.
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