Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air (Montreal, 28 May 1999)
Chapter V - Carriage by Air Performed by a Person other than the Contracting Carrier
Article 48 - Mutual relations of contracting and actual carriers
Except as provided in Article 45, nothing in this Chapter shall affect the rights and obligations of the carriers between themselves, including any right of recourse or indemnification.