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Mona Naomi Lintvedt

Associate Professor II - Department of Private Law

Email m.n.lintvedt@jus.uio.no

Phone +47 22 85 00 84

Mobile phone +47 48151418

Room 116

Username

Visiting address Senter for rettsinformatikk Karl Johans gt. 47 Domus Academica

Postal address Institutt for privatrett Postboks 6706 St Olavs plass 5 0130 Oslo

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Research interests

Administrative Law
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Cyber Security
Digitalisation
eGovernment Studies
EU Law
Legal Informatics
Privacy and Data Protection
Robotics

PhD thesis

Lintvedt’s Ph.D thesis «Law of the Robot. EU Law on Privacy in Human-Robot Interaction: Misconceptions, Fragmentations and Complexities» is an article based thesis with four published articles and an introductory section. The thesis investigates how EU privacy legislation applies to the use of smart robots in human interaction.

Courses taught

FINF1001 Digital forvaltning (emneansvar)
JUS5111 Digitalisering i offentlig forvaltning (emneansvar)
JUS5121 Digitalisering av rettsregler (emneansvar)
JUS5113 Personvernrett
JFVU1100 Retten og den digitale velferdsstaten
JUS5030 Masteroppgave 30 studiepoeng
JUS5060 Masteroppgave 60 studiepoeng
FINF5002 Masteroppgave i forvaltningsinformatikk 30 studiepoeng

Background

PhD in Law, 2025, UiO
Master of Laws, 1999, UiO

Work experience

Associate Professor II, Department of Private Law, UiO, 2026─.
Special Advisor, Legal Department, The Norwegian Tax Administration, 2024─.
Doctoral Researcher, Department of Private Law, UiO, 2020-2025
Data Protection Officer, The Norwegian Tax Administration, 2018-2020
Senior Consultant, Transcendent Group AS, 2017-2018
Senior Advisor, Department of National IT Policy and Public Governance, Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation, 2014-2017
Head of Section, The Norwegian Tax Administration IT and Service Partner, 2013-2014
Senior Advisor, Department of Health Legislation, Ministry of Health and Care Services, 2012-2013
Senior Advisor, Directorate for Public Management and ICT, 2008-2013
Senior Consultant, Statskonsult AS, 2006-2007
Senior Tech Lawyer, The Norwegian Tax Administration, 2003-2006
Associate, Advokatfirmaet Haavind AS, 2000-2003

Naomi Lintvedt is an Associate Professor II affiliated with the master’s program in eGovStudies, where she contributes to the further development and administration of the program as well as teaching.

Lintvedt is employed as a Special Advisor at the Norwegian Tax Administration, where she primarily works with artificial intelligence, privacy, EEA law, and regulatory development. She has extensive experience in public sector digitalisation at both strategic and practical levels.

Collaboration

The PhD research was conducted as part of the project Vulnerability in the Robot Society (VIROS), funded by the Norwegian Research Council. VIROS was an interdisciplinary research project between the Department of Informatics, UiO and the Norwegian Research Center for Computers and Law, UiO.

Appointments

Member, Committe for ICT Law, The Center for Continuing Legal Education, 2026─
Member, Committee for Data Protection, The Center for Continuing Legal Education, 2021─
Deputy Member, Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics, 2021─
Member, Expert Group for Generative AI, The Norwegian Board of Technology, 2023-2024

Tags: Artificial intelligence (AI), Cyber security, Digitalisation, eGovernment, Legal informatics, Privacy and data protection, Robotics

Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2026). Privacy Regulation in Japanese Robotics: Conformity with EU Market Requirements. Oslo Law Review. 12(1), p. 1–30. doi: 10.18261/olr.13.1.1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This article examines the privacy regulatory framework for smart robotics in Japan and compares it with EU regulations to provide insights into EU law. It identifies disparities that could pose privacy risks, particularly as Japanese robots enter the EU market. A key concern is the absence of requirements for manufacturers to integrate privacy by design into their products, potentially resulting in robots lacking essential privacy-preserving features. The article underscores the importance of a holistic approach to safeguarding privacy in human-robot interactions, which should encompass data protection laws, product safety and cybersecurity regulations. This article reveals the fragmented and complex nature of EU legislation relevant for privacy in robotics. This poses significant risks and challenges, particularly in addressing the convergence of emerging technologies in smart robotics, whether they are imported or made in the EU.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Under the Robot's Gaze. Law, Innovation and Technology. ISSN 1757-9961. 17(1), p. 139–158. doi: 10.1080/17579961.2025.2469346. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This article delves into the power dynamics at play in human–robot interactions, using gaze theory and panopticism to argue that social robots exert a form of disciplinary power over humans. It challenges the notion of gaze as merely visual by highlighting the sensory and psychological dimensions of omnipresent surveillance that robots are capable of. Social robots, with their advanced sensory capabilities, can exert a form of disciplinary power over humans, leading to a power imbalance in the robot–human relationship. The EU’s regulatory approach to robotics is insufficient, focusing too narrowly on specific functionalities and not addressing the broader impacts of robots’ interactive presence in human environments. The article calls for a more comprehensive regulatory framework that recognises and addresses the complex power relationships inherent in our interactions with robots.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi & Sandvik, Kristin Bergtora (2025). Robots. In Kaufmann, Mareile & Lomell, Heidi Mork (Ed.), De Gruyter Handbook of Digital Criminology. De Gruyter Brill. ISSN 9783111061931. p. 427–434. doi: 10.1515/9783111062037-049. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The use of smart robots raises questions about their societal roles, human interaction, regulation, and impact on our understanding of crime and control. This chapter introduces three key issues related to digital criminology: bad robots, anthropomorphic robots, and crimes against robots. First, it addresses the use of robots in law enforcement, highlighting concerns about excessive or lethal force. Second, it explores the balance between caregiving roles and unethical surveillance by anthropomorphic robots. Third, it addresses violence against robots and the potential need for their protection. These issues necessitate reevaluating the frameworks governing the use and treatment of robots.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). A Critical Analysis of Consent in Human–Robot Interaction. In Barfield, Woodrow; Weng, Yueh-Hsuan & Pagallo, Ugo (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of the Law, Policy, and Regulation for Human–Robot Interaction. Cambridge University Press. ISSN 9781009386708. p. 313–340. doi: 10.1017/9781009386708.021. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The use of advanced robots interacting with humans, especially in the health and care sector, will interfere with the personal autonomy and privacy of the users. A person can give permission to such interference by giving their consent. In law, the term “consent” has different connotations dependent on the field of law and jurisdictions. A recurrent topic in robotics research is how consent can be implemented in human–robot interaction (HRI). However, it is not always clear what consent actually means. The terms “informed consent” and “consent” are used interchangeably with an emphasis on informational privacy, whereas the embodiment of robots also intervenes with “physical” privacy. This lack of nuance leads to misconceptions about the role consent can play in HRI. In this chapter, I critically examine the perception and operationalization of consent in HRI and whether consent is an appropriate concept at all. It is crucial for the adaptation of consent to understand the requirements for valid consent, and the implications consent have for deployment of robots, in particular in a health and care setting. I argue that valid consent to the use of AI-driven robots may be hard, if not impossible, to obtain due to the complexity of understanding the intentions and capabilities of the robot. In many instances, consent would not be appropriate in robotics because it would not be possible to have truly informed and free consent beyond a simple “yes” or “no.” This chapter is a critical analysis that builds on the extensive scholarly critique of consent. As the chapter shows, robotics is yet another field where the shortcomings of consent are salient.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Thermal Imaging in Robotics as a Privacy-Enhancing or Privacy-Invasive Measure? Misconceptions of Privacy when Using Thermal Cameras in Robots. Digital Society: Ethics, Socio-Legal and Governance of Digital Technology. ISSN 2731-4650. 2. doi: 10.1007/s44206-023-00060-4. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This article examines the use of thermal imaging in human–robot interactions and its implications for privacy. Thermal imaging is used in robotics research to conceal the identity of individuals by masking identifiable information, such as facial details. The assumption is that by removing clear facial images, individuals become unidentifiable, thus protecting their privacy. However, the definition of personal data does not require information to be linked to a visual observation of a person. Removing the facial image of a person does not exclude the information from being personal data. However, thermal imaging can reveal personal information that is hidden from view. The article argues that privacy in robotics research is often limited to informational privacy and neglects other dimensions of privacy. It emphasises the need for a broader understanding of privacy in the context of robotics, considering the physical embodiment and data processing capabilities of robots. The conclusion of the article suggests that thermal imaging should not be automatically assumed to be more privacy-preserving than regular RGB cameras. It emphasises the importance of understanding personal data and the specific purposes of robot functions when choosing between different sensors. The article calls for a comprehensive approach to privacy in human–robot interaction, taking into account the broader impact of invasive technologies.
Broomfield, Heather & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Snubler Norge inn i en algoritmisk velferdsdystopi? Tidsskrift for velferdsforskning. ISSN 0809-2052. 25(3), p. 1–15. doi: 10.18261/tfv.25.3.2. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
FNs spesialrapportør for ekstrem fattigdom og menneskerettigheter har uttalt at verden står overfor «a grave risk of stumbling, zombie-like, into a digital welfare dystopia». Bekymringen er knyttet til bruken av kunstig intelligens (KI) kombinert med store mengder data som forvaltningen besitter. Dette gir grunnlag for bruk av prediktive modeller for å lage antagelser om atferd eller karakteristikker for enkeltpersoner, noe som reiser spørsmål om diskriminering, forskjellsbehandling og fremmedgjøring. I denne artikkelen spør vi om det er tegn til at norsk forvaltning kan være på vei til å snuble inn i en slik dystopi. Vi har undersøkt relevante strategidokumenter og hvordan bruk av prediktive modeller i Skatteetaten og NAV er beskrevet og diskutert i offentlige dokumenter. Vi konkluderer ikke med at vi er nær en dystopisk digital velferdsstat, eller at den er uunngåelig, men at det er nødvendig med en langt større bevissthet, offentlig diskusjon og tydelig retning for å unngå potensielt negative virkninger av KI.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). COVID-19 Tracing Apps as a Legal Problem: An Investigation of the Norwegian ‘Smittestopp’ App. Oslo Law Review. 8(2), p. 69–87. doi: 10.18261/issn.2387-3299-2021-02-01. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
In their efforts to curb the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have introduced contact tracing apps installed on mobile phones with the aim of breaking chains of infection. This raises ethical and legal questions, as these apps have the potential to be used for surveillance of the population. There is pressure to set privacy and data protection aside to allow extensive collection and processing of personal data, while the benefits of the apps remain uncertain. The two versions of the Norwegian COVID-19 tracing app are used as a case study to explore how law and legal norms are made and implemented—or not—in the context of a public emergency. In Norway, the legal question of contact tracing apps has largely been limited to a question of compliance with the GDPR and has excluded a meaningful conversation about the use of apps as pandemic response tools and their impact on rights and freedoms. The normative argument of the article is that to combine a robust form of privacy and data protection with the use of digital tools in a crisis, we need to scrutinize carefully the effects technology choices have on human rights and the rule of law.

View all works in NVA

Melteig, Elina & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2026). Når roboten har øyne, endrer vi adferd. [Internet]. forskning.no. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
De fleste oppfører seg litt annerledes sammen med andre. Dette gjelder også når vi vet eller mistenker at vi blir sett, selv av en robot.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi; Tangen, Thomas Huh & Sterri, Aksel (2026). Politisk frokost: Medborger i en maskinlærende stat. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2026). Personvern ved bruk av KI. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2026). Personvern ved deling av data. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2026). Disrupting privacy: Our not-so-private lives with robots. doi: https:/youtu.be/RX8okOAoRHQ. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Robots have long captured our imagination, and many real-world designs borrow from popular culture. While they were originally intended to perform dull, dangerous and dirty tasks, most non-industrial robots today are made to be companions — acting more like friends than tools. Social robots can become part of our private and intimate lives, affecting our physical and psychological well-being and challenging our right to privacy. That close human–robot interaction creates privacy risks that go beyond data privacy. Privacy is more than control over data; it also covers autonomy, personal development, the ability to establish relationships and the right to be left alone. Whether intentional or not, robots can deceive, manipulate or foster emotional attachment in their interactions with people. In this talk, Naomi will give some examples on how social robots can intrude on our privacy and suggest ways to reduce the risk.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2026). Does regulating AI also regulate robots? What AI law misses about embodiment. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2026). EUs KI-forordning og arbeidslivet. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
EUs KI-forordning peker ut bruk av KI i arbeidslivet som et område som krever særskilt regulering. Dette er begrunnet i at det foreligger høy risiko for at KI brukes på en måte som påvirker adgangen til arbeidsmarkedet, fører til diskriminering og forsterker det skjeve maktforholdet mellom arbeidsgiver og arbeidstaker. Enkelte typer KI er derfor forbudt eller klassifisert som høyrisiko KI.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2026). Generative AI, Privacy & Robotics. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2026). Roboter - fra verktøy til bestevenn? Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Roboter har utviklet seg fra å være maskiner som utfører repetitive oppgaver i industrien til å innta våre hverdagsliv, som for eksempel robotstøvsugere og -gressklippere. Flere av de store techselskapene satser nå på robotikk. Denne utviklingen har vært drevet av lovnaden om at roboter skal ta seg av kjedelige, skitne og farlige jobber slik at mennesker kan bruke tid på mer kreative og meningsfulle aktiviteter. I realiteten er mange roboter dårlige til å utføre oppgaver, mens de er designet med utseende og adferd som appellerer til menneskelige følelser. Dette innlegget vil ta opp hvorfor det kan være nødvendig å regulere sosiale roboter for å unngå skadelig manipulering og emosjonell tilknytning i relasjonen mellom mennesker og roboter
Melteig, Elina; Lintvedt, Mona Naomi & Tørresen, Jim (2025). Selv luftmåleren kan avsløre en hjemmefest. Derfor er roboter i hjemmet perfekte verktøy for overvåkere. - Titan.uio.no. [Internet]. Titan.uio.no. doi: https:/www.titan.uio.no/teknologi/2025/roboter-i-hjemmet-utfordrer-personvernet.html. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
– Uavhengig av hva som er intensjonen, får man mindre privatliv med roboter i hjemmet, sier forsker. Men det finnes noen råd for bedre personvern.
Sandvik, Kristin Bergtora & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). The dark side of genomic commercialisation: bankruptcy, acquisitions and novel data protection violations. doi: https:/www.jus.uio.no/ikrs/english/research/projects/digitaldna/events/program-biodata-surveillance-and-society.html. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Spring 2025, the bankruptcy of the DNA company 23andMe garnered headlines globally, with commentators, policymakers, and regulators warning customers to ‘delete their data’. Although 23andMe's business model proved unprofitable, its extensive genomic database holds significant value for technology firms, law enforcement, and researchers. However, this bankruptcy was just the latest in a long line of startups and technology ventures focusing on commercial genomics, to undergo radical disruption of services or business models. Notably, this trend is also evident in reproductive health, with several clinics declaring bankruptcy. These clinics store not only genetic and health data, but also embryos and donor sperm, raising substantial privacy concerns when their operations falter. This market has also drawn the interest of private equity firms through their acquisitions of DNA databases and IVF clinics. Bankruptcy proceedings, mergers, and acquisitions pose new risks to privacy and data protection, often in ways not anticipated by existing laws and regulations. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, combining sociolegal methods, critical data studies, and legal analysis of commercial and data protection law, this paper will explore these emerging challenges by presenting a taxonomy of novel data violations. It will survey recent cases and examples that illustrate the dark side of the intersection between commercialisation, market failure, and privacy concerns.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). AIA og GDPR: Som olje og vann? doi: https:/www.jus.uio.no/ifp/om/organisasjon/seri/arrangementer/2025/personvernkonferansen-2025.html. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Åpnet muligheter for fremtiden - Universitetet i Innlandet. [Internet]. Universitetet i Innlandet. doi: https:/www.inn.no/studier/studenthistorier/juss-psykologi-og-samfunnsfag/speedating-for-jusstudenter/index.html. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Tidenes første Speed-Networking for jusstudenter er ble en suksess da det ble arrangert på Lillehammer for første gang.
Melteig, Elina & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Er algoritmestyrt velferd en fattigdomsfelle? - Titan.uio.no. [Internet]. Titan.uio.no. doi: https:/www.titan.uio.no/teknologi/2025/digitalisering-og-ki-er-algoritmestyrt-velferd-en-.html. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
– Store KI-skandaler i europeiske land viser tydelig hvilke skader feil bruk av kunstig intelligens kan gjøre. Særlig overfor sårbare grupper, sier forsker Naomi Lintvedt.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Roboter - verktøy eller bestevenn? doi: https:/nfje.no/?tribe_events=forum-rettsinformatikk-2025. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Roboter har utviklet seg fra å være maskiner som utfører repetitive oppgaver i industrien til å innta våre hverdagsliv, som for eksempel robotstøvsugere og -gressklippere. Flere av de store techselskapene satser nå på robotikk. Denne utviklingen har vært drevet av lovnaden om at roboter skal ta seg av kjedelige, skitne og farlige jobber slik at mennesker kan bruke tid på mer kreative og meningsfulle aktiviteter. I realiteten er mange roboter dårlige til å utføre oppgaver, mens de er designet med utseende og adferd som appellerer til menneskelige følelser. Dette innlegget vil ta opp hvorfor det kan være nødvendig å regulere sosiale roboter for å unngå skadelig manipulering og emosjonell tilknytning i relasjonen mellom mennesker og roboter.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). AI Act. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Personvern og roboter. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). De rettslige rammene for forvaltningens bruk av KI. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Når ansiktet ditt kan få deg fengslet. [Internet]. NRK.no. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Teknologi som kan kjenne igjen ansiktet ditt blir stadig mer utbredt. Det er dårlig nytt for ytringsfriheten og demokratiet, mener eksperter.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Law of the Robot: EU Law on Privacy in Human-Robot Interaction. VIROS final conference. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). KI-verktøy fant barnebildet av meg som jeg aldri har sett før. [Internet]. nrk.no. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Hva er det rettslige rammene for forvaltningens bruk av AI? Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Presentasjon av doktoravhandling: Personvern og robotikk. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Digitalisering og KI - oversikt over ny lovgivning. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). AI: Avmystifisering og Innføring - panelsamtale. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). Advarte mot å la KI føre til «late» jurister og dårlig juridisk håndverk. [Journal]. Juristen. Full text in Research Archive
Kanestrøm, Jorunn; Lintvedt, Mona Naomi & Bøhn, Einar Duenger (2024). Er det greit at kunstig intelligens leser følelsene dine? [Radio]. Universitetsplassen podcast. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Hvilke konsekvenser kan det få når en intelligent app eller robot med manipulerende evner leser følelsene dine, tar rollen som omsorgsarbeider eller vil være kjæreste og terapeut?
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). Hva er forholdet mellom AIA og GDPR? It's complicated. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). NRK Forklarer: Kommer roboter til å gjøre husarbeidet vårt? [Internet]. NRK.no. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). Snart kan en robot ta klesvasken din. [Internet]. NRK.no. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). Privacy Regulation in Japanese Robotics: Conformity with EU Market Requirements. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). Where’s Wally? The Robot Edition. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Robots are not specifically addressed in EU law but they are assumed to be in scope of several pieces of legislation. How and where do we identify robots and relevant legislation?
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). Slik blir Artificial Intelligence Act. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). Robotproduksjon i Norge. [TV]. NRK. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2024). Hva bør vi tenke på når vi skal ta i bruk KI? Full text in Research Archive
Letvik, Tore & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Robotbruk lite regulert i lovgivning. [Journal]. Juristen. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Bruk av algoritmer til profilering i offentlig sektor – risikoen for diskriminering. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Teknologirådet: Mye handlingsrom for egen KI-regulering i Norge. [Internet]. Digi.no. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Nettapotek delte med Facebook at du så på klamydiatester. [Internet]. NRK.no. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Personvernutfordringer i NAVs kontrollarbeid. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Artificial Intelligence Act og Norges handlingsrom. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Kunstig kontroll? [Journal]. Klassekampen. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
EU løper etter klokka for å regulere kunstig intelligens. Er det i det hele tatt mulig? Og hva gjør norske politikere?
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Privacy and robots. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Are the fines fine? A tale of disharmony and opacity of GDPR enforcement. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Cultural norms and the laws of robotics. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). En speed date med EUs forslag til regulering av AI. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Adgangen til å la roboter gripe inn i individers autonomi. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Personvernutfordringer i NAVs kontrollarbeid. Full text in Research Archive
Vaaland, Mattis; Wettre, Jonas Engestøl & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Dette betyr EUs nye AI Act for norske utviklere. [Internet]. Kode24. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). The influence of manga robots on the regulation of privacy in human-robot interaction. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Under the Robot's Gaze. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Artificial Intelligence Act. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Når chatboten starter på universitetet. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Under the Robot's Gaze. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
In robotics research, the gaze of the robot is commonly understood by the dictionary term of ‘a fixed intent look’, which implies use of eyes. The gaze theory of Sartre and Lacan, however, emphasises that gaze is not only about eyes, and sometimes nothing to do with eyes, but rather the different senses that create images in one’s mind. This signifies a power relationship between the observer and the observed. With their sensory capabilities, robots are, in effect, the perfect panopticons (or rather panspectrons as coined by DeLanda) which can operate openly in our midst, when we welcome them into our homes while potentially remaining unaware of the full extent of their observational capacities. They can follow the user, observing and intruding around the clock, not only observing what is visible in plain sight, but even through walls and obstacles. The robot is capable of all-encompassing, constant surveillance. Thus, as with Foucault’s panopticism, the person is placed in a constant state of visibility and subject to the constraints of power, affecting personal autonomy and dignity. This talk is based on research which will investigate the power relationship, and the assumed power imbalance, in human-robot interaction through the lens of gaze theory and panopticism.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Project pitch VIROS. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Perspectives on privacy in human-robot interaction. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Personvernforordningens krav til rettslig grunnlag. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Hvordan kan EUs Open Data Directive og Data Governance Act sikre effektiv datadeling? Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2023). Roboter + mennesker = sant? Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Personvernmyter og GDPR. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Kravet til klar lovhjemmel for forvaltningens innhenting av kontrollopplysninger og bruk av profilering. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Comment on 'Cybernetic Avatars: Authentication, Notarisation and Regulatory Visions from a Japanese Perspective' - presentation by professor Fumio Shimpo, Keio University, Japan. Full text in Research Archive
Reinertsen, Marianne & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Ansiktsgjenkjenning. [Radio]. Jusspodden. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Ansiktsgjenkjenning brukes på stadig flere områder. Du kan låse opp iphonen eller PCen din ved å vise ansiktet ditt i stedet for å taste inn en kode. Men teknologien begynner også å bli tatt i bruk av bedrifter og politi for verifisering og identifisering. Og potensialet er enormt, men hva med konsekvensene? Ansiktsgjenkjenning brukes allerede til masseovervåking i land som f.eks Kina, og mange er bekymret for at utviklingen kan gå den veien her også om vi ikke er varsomme. Nå kommer EU med ny regulering – vil det fikse biffen? Mona Naomi forteller om utfordringer og konsekvenser ved bruk av biometri, og hva EUs forslag til regulering går ut på.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Thermal Imaging in Robotics as a Privacy Enhancing or Privacy Invasive Measure? The Necessity of a Holistic Approach to Privacy in Human-Robot Interaction. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Hva si snakker om når vi snakker om AI, etikk, personvern og sånt. Full text in Research Archive
Gundersen, Martin & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). SSB krever å få vite nøyaktig hva nordmenn kjøper i matbutikken. [Internet]. NRKbeta. Full text in Research Archive
Roness, Espen & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Spaneren. [Internet]. NRK P3. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Alle som skal til VM må ha denne appen på mobilen – nå slår eksperter full alarm. [Internet]. NRK. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). What we (should) talk about when we talk about consent in HRI. Full text in Research Archive
Bygrave, Lee Andrew; Mahler, Tobias & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). AI Act og Norges handlingsrom. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Good robot, bad robot: The dawn of living with robots. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Hvilken effekt har (egentlig) bøter etter personvernforordningen? Full text in Research Archive
Gundersen, Ragnhild Bassøe & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Smittesporing, deltagelse og datafisering. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
I løpet av de siste to årene har både nasjonale og kommunale helsemyndigheter utviklet digitale løsninger for smittesporing av COVID-19. Noen av løsningene har fungert godt mens andre, som for eksempel Smittestopp 1, ble raskt lagt ned/fjernet. Smittesporing er et viktig tiltak i bekjempelsen av spredning av smittsomme sykdommer, og COVID-19 pandemien gjorde det klart at Norge manglet god smittevernberedskap. Nasjonale og kommunale helsemyndigheter har derfor arbeidet aktivt de to siste årene, med å utvikle slik beredskap, i første omgang mot COVID-19. Seminaret samler sentrale deltagere i debatten om Smittestopp spesielt og smittesporing generelt. Privat og offentlig sektor samt akademia er representert til en diskusjon om hvordan digital teknologi kan bidra til trygge, bærekraftige og effektive tilnærminger til helsekriser.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Good robot, bad robot. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). EUs forslag til AI forordning - et kort overblikk. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Deconstructing consent in human-robot interaction. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Thermal imaging in robotics as a privacy enhancing or privacy invasive measure? The conflicting use of thermal imaging in robotics. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Astroboy finding his place in the world: Shaping the future of human-robot coexistence. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Mondial : le Qatar met les supporters et le pays sous étroite surveillance. [Internet]. Mediapart. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Avec 15 000 caméras de reconnaissance faciale et des techniques algorithmiques de pointe, l’événement sportif s’accompagne d’un déploiement inédit de technologies de surveillance. Et s’inscrit dans la longue histoire des événements sportifs prétextes au contrôle sécuritaire des populations.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). EUs forslag til AI forordning - betydningen for forvaltningen. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). The Role of EU Data Protection Law in the EU Commission’s AI Proposal. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
"Towards a New Legal Framework for AI in Europe: Assessing the European Commission’s proposed AI Regulation" The Jon Bing Memorial Seminar is an annual event arranged close to the time of Jon’s birthday, dedicated to honouring one of the leading pioneers in research on law and computer technology For this year’s seminar we have chosen to focus on the European Union’s developing regulatory framework for Artificial Intelligence (AI). On 21 April this year the European Commission unveiled its long-awaited proposal for a Regulation laying down harmonised rules on AI—the first comprehensive draft legislative package dealing specifically with AI systems across multiple sectors. Ambitious and complex, this is an extremely important proposal to analyse, understand and critique.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). AI, etikk, personvern og sånt. Full text in Research Archive
Graver, Hans Petter; Sandvik, Kristin Bergtora; Nylund, Anna & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). Stortinget må vedta en ny lov dersom koronasertifikat skal innføres. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Arbeidet med den tekniske løsningen for et koronasertifikat er i full gang og myndighetene tenker å lansere den forenklede utgaven av koronasertifikatet i mai. Helsedirektoratet, Folkehelseinstituttet, Direktoratet for e-helse og Norsk helsenett SF utvikler sertifikatet slik at den tekniske løsningen er på plass innen regjeringen har vurdert og besluttet hva koronasertifikatet kan brukes til. Koronasertifikater er tenkt å inngå i europeisk samarbeid for å bidra til en trygg gjenåpning av Europa. Bruken av sertifikatene vil reguleres av nasjonale myndigheter i de ulike landene. Myndighetene ser ut til å ha oversett at det er Stortinget som må beslutte om innføring av et koronasertifikat og hva det kan brukes til. Dette viser at det fortsatt er slik, som påpekt av koronakommisjonen, at verken regjeringen eller sentrale forvaltningsorganer har spesielt mye oppmerksomhet rettet mot de overordnete prinsippene som omkranser rettsstaten. Resultatet kan bli at koronasertifikatet ikke kan innføres i mai som planlagt.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). Workshop: Human and robot co-existence in 2035 - legal and ethical issues. Full text in Research Archive
Strümke, Inga; Lintvedt, Mona Naomi & Brogger, Helga (2021). Personvern, helsehjelp og personvernombud. [Radio]. Podcast NORDE. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Avveininger mellom personvern og helsehjelp: Hva veier tyngst, hva er personvernombudets rolle og hva skjedde på OUS?
Sandvik, Kristin Bergtora & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). The role of law and the rule of law in Covid-19 tracing apps: Smittestopp revisited. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). EU Data Governance Act. Hva er det egentlig, kanskje? Full text in Research Archive
Saplacan, Diana; Schmidt, Rebecca & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). AI, robots and their social impact. Full text in Research Archive
Saue, Ole Alexander & Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). Ekspert: Dersom du ikke kan smitte noen, bør du få friheter med et vaksinepass. [Journal]. Aftenposten. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Er det diskriminerende å gi friheter bare til dem som har fått vaksinen? Nei, mener ekspert på helserett. Ja, mener en annen ekspert.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). Menneske mot maskin – fordeler og utfordringer ved bruken av AI. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2021). Regjeringens gjenåpningsplan: Planlegger koronasertifikat for fullvaksinerte. [TV]. TV2 Nyhetskanalen. Full text in Research Archive
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2025). Law of the Robot: EU Law on Privacy in Human–Robot Interaction: Misconceptions, Fragmentations and Complexities. Universitetet i Oslo. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
The topic of this thesis is how EU privacy legislation applies to the use of smart robots in human interaction. Smart robots are physical and mobile robots that use artificial intelligence (AI) to navigate their environments, perform tasks and to communicate effectively. AI enables them to adapt their interaction and behaviour to humans. As these robots become more common, they gain access to both public and private spaces, raising various privacy concerns. Robots in society While we may think of robots mainly as science fiction, robots are gradually introduced in everyday life. Consumer robots such as robotic vacuum cleaners and lawn mowers are already widespread. Robots are developed to supplement or replace human labour. This includes robots used for deliveries, cleaning, medical assistance and social purposes. In health and home care, they are seen as solutions to address the challenges posed by the aging population and workforce shortages. EU law on privacy It is well known that robots pose privacy risks as they can interfere with both our physical and informational privacy, by intruding into our private spaces and by collecting and using was amounts of personal and non-personal data. In the use of robots, privacy must be understood broadly to include physical, psychological and informational privacy as well as safety and cybersecurity. This thesis argues that current EU legislation does not properly address the privacy issues that arise from our interaction with robots. EU legislation does not specifically define robots; rather, it focuses on their hardware components and software. This means that it is necessary to apply several pieces of legislation to identify robots and to address the physical and informational privacy aspects of robotics. The result is legislation which is fragmented and complex. Existing laws such as the General Product Safety Regulation, Machinery Regulation, AI Act, and GDPR address some relevant issues, but they do not directly tackle the unique privacy challenges introduced by robots. Consequently, certain privacy concerns remain unregulated, such as manipulation and deception, emotional attachment between humans and robots, and related power dynamics. Conclusion The thesis stresses that while robots provide numerous benefits, there is a need for specific legislation to secure privacy as a fundamental right in human–robot interaction.
Lintvedt, Mona Naomi (2022). Kravet til klar lovhjemmel for forvaltningens innhenting av kontrollopplysninger og bruk av profilering. Utredning for personvernkommisjonen. Kommunal- og distriktsdepartementet. ISSN 9788258315114. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Utredning til NOU 2022:11 Ditt personvern - vårt felles ansvar. Tid for en personvernpolitikk.