Hypotheses and evidence assessment during the investigation of violent crime cases

‘The police are pursuing several lines of inquiry’ is a common response from the police following a serious incident. This project examines how hypotheses are used in practice and how the police and the prosecuting authority assess evidence in serious violent crime cases.

People are standing outside in nature surrounded by trees and grass. A large dark van is standing next to them.

A police incident commander speaks with investigators at a crime scene. Photo: Ned Alley / NTB

Contact

  • John-Filip Lundhaug Strandmoen External PhD candidate at the Department of Criminology and Sociology of Law, based at the National Criminal Investigation Service (Kripos)

About the project

Textbooks on investigation recommend a hypothesis-driven method, in which investigators consider several possible explanations for what has happened. Through investigation, one should attempt to prove that the hypotheses are false. This is known as falsification and is derived from a theory of how scientific research should be conducted. This approach is intended to ensure a broad and objective investigation and to reduce the risk of tunnel vision. At the end of the investigation, the police should be left with the hypothesis that cannot be false.

Many practitioners find it challenging to use hypotheses in this way during the course of an investigation. There are differing views in professional practice on how this should be done, and there are tensions between professional practice and theory.

This project examines how such hypotheses are used in practice and how evidence is assessed in serious violent crime cases. The project’s overarching question is how the police and the prosecuting authority can assess the body of evidence during the course of an investigation in a way that is both practically feasible and procedurally fair.

Method

The project examines the investigation of homicide, attempted homicide and abuse in close relationships. Through studies of criminal case files and standards for evidence assessment, as well as participant observation and interviews with investigators, public prosecutors and analysts, the project highlights how the police and the prosecuting authority assess evidence in different cases and at different stages of the proceedings.

Objectives

The project aims to clarify different experiences and positions, and contribute to the further development of practices related to evidence assessment.

Participants

  • John-Filip Lundhaug Strandmoen National Criminal Investigation Service (Kripos)

Funding

The project is funded through the Research Council of Norway’s Public Sector PhD scheme (OFFPHD). It is carried out in collaboration with National Criminal Investigation Service (Kripos), the University of Oslo and the Norwegian Police University College.

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Published Apr. 20, 2026 11:03 AM - Last modified Aug. 31, 2026 10:43 PM