Norwegian version of this page

Ingvild Ånestad

Doctoral Research Fellow - Scandinavian Institute of Maritime Law

Email ingvild.anestad@jus.uio.no

Room The old petroleum law library

Username

Visiting address Karl Johans gate 47 Domus Media

Postal address Postboks 6706 St. Olavs plass 0130 Oslo

Other affiliations Faculty of Law (Student)

Download business card

Academic interests

Write a few words here about your academic interests.

Courses taught

<Link to programme of study/course>
<Link to programme of study/course>
...

Background

Brief presentation of previous work experience and education

Awards

<Name and link to prize 1, if any>
<Name and link to prize 1, if any>
...

Appointments

<Title and (if applicable) link 1>
<Title and (if applicable) link 2>
...

Positions held

<Name and link to position 1, if any>
<Name and link to position 2, if any>
...

Partners

Ånestad, Ingvild (2026). TSOs as System Operators, Capacity Allocators or Market Makers in the Financial Energy Markets When Buying and Selling EPADs? European Environmental Law Review. ISSN 0966-1646. 35(3/4), p. 94–104. doi: 10.54648/eelr2026010. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
This article examines the evolving role of the Transmission System Operator (TSO) in the aftermath of the 2021–2022 energy crisis with a particular focus on their involvement in the financial electricity markets through Electricity Price Area Differential (EPAD)-coupling. The Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/1719 of 26 September 2016 Establishing a Guideline on Forward Capacity Allocation (FCA Regulation) requires that the national regulatory authorities intervene when market failure is detected, this intervention requires that the TSOs take steps to ensure liquidity in the market. The article questions whether the role of the TSO as a provider of liquidity in the financial electricity market clashes with the fine-tuned structure of EU’s market design. Through an analysis of recent disputes between national regulators the article illustrates legal and structural concerns associated with the TSOs involvement, potentially creating conflicts of interest for TSOs and challenging the principle of unbundling which is fundamental to EU`s electricity market design (EMD). The article argues that the expansion of TSO responsibilities through financial transmission rights (FTRs) and now through EPAD-coupling, marks a shift in the regulatory understanding of the TSO’s role, with limited public debate on the implications.
Fjordbo, Gullik-André & Ånestad, Ingvild (2025). National report: Norway. In Pacuła, Krzysztof (Eds.), Energy solidarity and energy security – from green transition to the EU’s crisis management. XXXI FIDE Congress | Katowice 2025 Congress Publications Vol. 3. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego. ISSN 9788322644966. p. 496–507. doi: 10.31261/PN.4296. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
Vi skrev den norske rapporten om energisolidaritet og energisikkerhet til Europarettskonferansen FIDE i Katowice 2025.

View all works in NVA

Ellingsen, Hilde Kristin; Bjørnebye, Henrik; rabben, jon; Ånestad, Ingvild & Støle, Frode (2026). Kommentar til lov om produksjon, omforming, overføring, omsetning, fordeling og bruk av energi m.m. (energiloven), Norsk Lovkommentar (tidl. Karnov). Full text in Research Archive
Ånestad, Ingvild (2026). Skagerrak-kablene: konkurranserett, fri bevegelighet eller utenfor EØS-avtalen? Full text in Research Archive
Ånestad, Ingvild (2026). Renewal of concessions for interconnectors: a subject for free movement rules? Full text in Research Archive
Stokke, Sander & Ånestad, Ingvild (2025). Et «special relationship» også innenfor energi? doi: https:/www.jus.uio.no/nifs/om/avdeling-for-energirett/arrangementer/andre/2025/2025-08-26-arlig-symposium-i-eu-eos-energirett.html. Full text in Research Archive
Fjordbo, Gullik-André; Sætervadet, Torkell & Ånestad, Ingvild (2024). Bør regjeringen lytte til EU? Full text in Research Archive Show summary
https://klassekampen.no/utgave/2024-04-16/debatt-bor-regjeringen-lytte-til-eu Etter at Norge i seks år har unnlatt å ta stilling til om revidert fornybardirektiv skal inntas i EØS-avtalen, har EU-kommisjonen sendt et brev til energiministeren om å få fortgang i arbeidet. Kommisjonen forventer at Norge tar nødvendige grep for å sikre at komiteen som bestemmer hvilke direktiver og forordninger som skal tas inn i EØS-avtalen kommer til enighet innen midten av august.
Fjordbo, Gullik-André & Ånestad, Ingvild (2024). Connecting energy facilities in adjacent exclusive economic zones with EEA law. Full text in Research Archive
Ånestad, Ingvild (2024). Applying and enforcing the TCMs. Full text in Research Archive
Ånestad, Ingvild; Jevnaker, Torbjørg & Hancher, Leigh (2024). Takeaways and output from INC workshop at Florence School of Regulation. Full text in Research Archive
Fjordbo, Gullik-André & Ånestad, Ingvild (2023). The regulatory framework for the offshore grid in light of EU and EEA law. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
https://www.uib.no/jur/160485/bergen-energy-and-climate-law-days-2023
Fjordbo, Gullik-André & Ånestad, Ingvild (2023). EØS-rettens betydning for havnettet. Full text in Research Archive
Ånestad, Ingvild & Weisser, Vilde (2023). Kommentar til Lov om kontantstøtte til småbarnsforeldre (kontantstøtteloven). Karnov lovkommentarer. Full text in Research Archive
Ånestad, Ingvild (2023). Regulatorisk rammeverk for utviklingen av nett (infrastruktur) til havvind i Nordsjøen, med hovedfokus på Norge. Full text in Research Archive Show summary
https://perma.cc/C6ZE-J7H3